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Declaration Respecting Maritime Law.
Paris, April 16, 1856.
Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in
the Field (Lieber Code).
April 24, 1863.
Resolutions of the Geneva International Conference.
Geneva, October 26-29, 1863.
Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in
Armies in the Field.
Geneva, August 22, 1864.
Additional Articles relating to the Condition of the Wounded in War.
Geneva, October 20, 1868.
Declaration Renouncing the Use, in Time of War, of certain Explosive
Projectiles.
Saint Petersburg, November 29 / December 11, 1868.
Project of an International Declaration concerning the Laws and Customs
of War.
Brussels, August 27, 1874.
The Laws of War on Land.
Oxford, September 9, 1880.
Final Act of the International Peace Conference.
The Hague, July 29, 1899.
Convention (II) with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land
and its annex:
Regulation concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land.
The Hague, July 29, 1899.
Convention (III) for the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles
of the Geneva Convention of August 22, 1864.
The Hague, July 29, 1899.
Declaration (IV, 1), to Prohibit, for the Term of Five Years, the
Launching of Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons, and Other Methods
of Similar Nature.
The Hague, July 29, 1899.
Declaration (IV, 2) concerning Asphyxiating Gases.
The Hague, July 29, 1899.
Declaration (IV, 3) concerning Expanding Bullets.
The Hague, July 29, 1899.
Convention for the Exemption of Hospital Ships, in Time of War, from
The Payment of all Dues and Taxes Imposed for the Benefit of the State.
The Hague, December 21, 1904.
Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and
Sick in Armies in the Field.
Geneva, July 6, 1906.
Final Act of the Second Peace Conference.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (III) relative to the Opening of Hostilities.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and
its annex:
Regulation concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (V) respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers
and Persons in Case of War on Land.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (VI) relating to the Status of Enemy Merchant Ships at
the Outbreak of Hostilities. The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (VII) relating to the Conversion of Merchant Ships into
War-Ships.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (VIII) relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact
Mines.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (IX) concerning Bombardment by Naval Forces in Time of
War.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (X) for the Adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles
of the Geneva Convention.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (XI) relative to certain Restrictions with regard to the
Exercise of the Right of
Capture in Naval War.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (XII) relative to the Creation of an International Prize
Court.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Convention (XIII) concerning the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers
in Naval War.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Declaration (XIV) Prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives
from Balloons.
The Hague, October 18, 1907.
Final Protocol to the Naval Conference of London, February 26,
1909.
Declaration concerning the Laws of Naval War.
London, February 26, 1909.
Additional Protocol to the Convention relative to the Establishment
of an International
Prize Court.
The Hague, September 19, 1910.
Manual of the Laws of Naval War.
Oxford, August 9, 1913.
Treaty relating to the Use of Submarines and Noxious Gases in Warfare.
Washington, February 6, 1922.
Rules concerning the Control of Wireless Telegraphy in Time of War
and Air Warfare. Drafted by a Commission of Jurists at The Hague,
December 1922 - February 1923.
Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous
or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare.
Geneva, June 17, 1925.
Convention on Maritime Neutrality.
Havana, February 20, 1928.
Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference.
Geneva, July 27, 1929.
Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and
Sick in Armies in
the Field.
Geneva, July 27, 1929.
Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva,
July 27, 1929.
Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armaments, (Part
IV, Art. 22, relating to submarine warfare).
London, April 22, 1930.
First draft Convention adopted in Monaco (Sanitary cities and localities),
July 27, 1934.
Draft International Convention on the Condition and Protection of
Civilians of enemy nationality who are on territory belonging to or
occupied by a belligerent.
Tokyo, 1934.
Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and
Historic Monuments
(Roerich Pact).
Washington, April 15, 1935.
Procès-verbal relating to the Rules of Submarine Warfare set
forth in Part IV of the Treaty of London of April 22, 1930.
London, November 6, 1936.
The Nyon Agreement, September 14, 1937.
Agreement supplementary to The Nyon Agreement. Geneva, September 17,
1937.
Draft Convention for the Protection of Civilian Populations Against
New Engines of War.
Amsterdam, 1938.
Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals
of the European Axis, and Charter of the International Military Tribunal.
London, August 8, 1945.
The Allied powers prosecute 21 Nazi leaders for the crime of aggression,
war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Eleven are sentenced to death,
3 are acquitted, and the rest receive prison sentences.
Nüremberg, November 21, 1945October 1, 1946.
An international congress meets in Paris and calls for the adoption
of an international criminal code prohibiting crimes against humanity
and the prompt establishment of an International Criminal Court (ICC).
October 1946.
General Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers,
announces establishment of the International Military Tribunal For
the Far East (IMTFE) to prosecute Japanese war criminals.
January 19, 1946.
Affirmation of the Principles of International Law recognized by the
Charter of the Nüremberg Tribunal. Resolution 95 (I) of the UN
General Assembly.
December 11, 1946.
IMTFE prosecute Japanese soldiers for war crimes, crimes against peace,
and crimes against humanity in the Far East. 7 are sentenced to death.
April 29, 1946November 12, 1948.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
UN General Assembly, December 9, 1948.
International Law Commission asked to study the possibility of establishing
an International Criminal Court.
December 9, 1948.
UN General Assembly adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
detailing human rights and fundamental freedoms.
December 10, 1948.
The International Law Commission drafts statutes for an International
Criminal Court. Opposition stymies the effort and the General Assembly
effectively abandons the effort pending agreement on a definition
of the crime of aggression and an international Code of Crimes. 1949-1954.
Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva, August 12, 1949.
Convention (I) for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded
and Sick in Armed
Forces in the Field.
Geneva, August 12, 1949.
Convention (II) for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded,
Sick and Shipwrecked
Members of Armed Forces at Sea.
Geneva, August 12, 1949.
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War.
Geneva, August 12, 1949.
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in
Time of War.
Geneva, August 12, 1949.
Resolutions of the Diplomatic Conference.
Geneva, August 12, 1949.
Principles of International Law Recognized in the Charter of the Nüremberg
Tribunal
and in the Judgment of the Tribunal, 1950.
Final Act of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection of
Cultural Property in
the Event of Armed Conflict.
The Hague, May 14, 1954.
Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of
Armed Conflict.
The Hague, May 14, 1954.
Protocol for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed
Conflict.
The Hague, May 14, 1954.
Resolutions of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection
of Cultural Property
in the Event of Armed Conflict.
The Hague, May 14, 1954.
Draft Rules for the Limitation of the Dangers incurred by the Civilian
Population in Time
of War.
ICRC, 1956.
Human Rights in Armed Conflicts. Resolution XXIII adopted by the International
Conference on Human Rights.
Teheran, May 12, 1968.
Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War
Crimes and Crimes
Against Humanity.
UN General Assembly, November 26, 1968.
Respect for Human Rights in Armed Conflicts. Resolution 2444 (XXIII)
of the United
Nations General Assembly, December 19, 1968.
The Distinction between Military Objectives and Non-Military Objectives
in General and
Particularly the Problems Associated with Weapons of Mass Destruction.
Edinburgh, September 9, 1969.
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling
of
Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction.
Opened for
Signature at London, Moscow and Washington, April 10, 1972.
UN General Assembly agrees on the definition of aggression.
1974.
European Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations
to Crimes against
Humanity and War Crimes.
Strasbourg, January 25, 1974.
Convention on the prohibition of military or any hostile use of environmental
modification techniques.
Signed at Geneva, May 18, 1977.
Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1974-1977.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949,
and relating to the
Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I),
June 8, 1977.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949,
and relating to the
Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol
II), June 8, 1977.
Resolutions of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1974-1977.
Convention of the OAU for the Elimination of Mercenarism in Africa.
Libreville, July 3, 1977.
Resolution on Small-Calibre Weapon Systems.
Geneva, September 28, 1979.
Final Act of the UN Conference on Prohibitions or Restrictions on
the Use of
Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively
Injurious or to
Have Indiscriminate Effects.
Geneva, October 10, 1980.
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional
Weapons
Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate
Effects.
Geneva, October 10, 1980.
Protocol on Non-Detectable Fragments (Protocol I).
Geneva, October 10, 1980.
Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps
and Other
Devices (Protocol II).
Geneva, October 10, 1980.
Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary
Weapons (Protocol III).
Geneva, October 10, 1980.
The UN General Assembly asks the International Law Commission to return
to the question of establishing a Code of Crimes.
December 1981.
UN General Assembly adopts the Convention Against Torture and Other
Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
December 10, 1984.
Trinidad and Tobago resurrect the proposal for an International Criminal
Court. The Untied Nations General Assembly asks the International
Law Commission to prepare a draft statute.
June 1989.
International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and
Training of
Mercenaries.
UN General Assembly, December 4, 1989.
Convention on the Rights of the Child.
UN General Assembly, November 20, 1989.
The UN General Assembly asks the International Law Commission to complete
a draft statute for an International Criminal Court.
1992.
Convention on the prohibition of the development, production, stockpiling
and use of
chemical weapons and on their destruction.
Paris, January 13, 1993.
Statute of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons
Responsible for
Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in
the Territory of the
Former Yugoslavia since 1991.
May 25, 1993.
The International Law Commission submits a draft Statute for an International
Criminal Court to the UN General Assembly.
1993.
The Vienna Declaration and Program of Action expresses support for
the establishment of an International Criminal Court.
June 1993.
San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts
at Sea,
June 12, 1994.
Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Prosecution
of Persons Responsible for Genocide and Other Serious Violations of
International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of Rwanda
and Rwandan citizens responsible for genocide and other such violations
committed in the territory of neighboring States, between January
1, 1994 and December 31, 1994.
Adapted by the UN Security Council, November 8, 1994.
The International Law Commission presents a final draft Statute on
the International Criminal Court to the UN General Assembly. The UN
General Assembly establishes Ad Hoc Committee on the Establishment
of a permanent International Criminal Court (ICC).
December 9, 1994.
Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons (Protocol IV).
October 13, 1995.
UN General Assembly establishes Preparatory Committee for the Establishment
of a permanent International Criminal Court.
December 11, 1995.
The UN General Assembly convenes six PrepCom meetings to continue
to draft the International Criminal Court Statute.
1996-1998.
Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps
and Other Devices as amended on May 3, 1996 (Protocol II as
amended on May 3, 1996)
International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion on Nuclear Weapons
July 8, 1996.
ICTY hands down its first conviction, sentencing a Bosnian Serb concentration
camp guard to 20 years in prison for crimes against humanity and violations
of the laws and customs of war.
May 7, 1997.
The 14 nations of the South African Development Community set out
10 basic principles to be included in forming the International Criminal
Court Statute.
September 1997.
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production
and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction.
September 18, 1997.
The United Kingdom backs the Singapore Compromise to limit Security
Council authority over the International Criminal Court.
December 1997.
The Zutphen Report consolidates the various draft texts of the International
Criminal Court statute.
January 1998.
Representatives of 25 African governments adopt the Dakar Declaration
calling for an effective and independent International Criminal Court.
Dakar, February 5-6, 1998.
U.S. Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Jesse Helms declares any
International Criminal Court Statute "dead on arrival" in
the United States Senate unless the United States has control over
the court.
March 26, 1998.
Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court is finalized
and adopted.
July 15- 17, 1998.
ICTR hands down its first conviction, finding a Rwandan Hutu leader
guilty of genocide.
September 2, 1998.
British authorities arrest General Pinochet of Chile, as Spain requests
his extradition to stand trial for genocide, torture, and other crimes
during his rule in the 1970s and 1980s.
October 16, 1998.
Second Hague Cultural Property Protocol
March 26, 1999.
1999 UN Secretary-General's Bulletin on Observance by UN Forces
of International Humanitarian Law.
A UN commission recommends that the Security Council establish a tribunal
to prosecute those responsible for war crimes in East Timor. Member
nations ignore the recommendation and instead ask the Indonesian government
to mete out justice.
January 31, 2000.
UN Security Council calls for the establishment of a "Special
Court" to prosecute war crimes in Sierra Leone.
August 14, 2000.
Cambodian National Assembly passes legislation to establish a tribunal
in conjunction with the UN to prosecute "senior leaders"
of the Khmer Rouge for atrocities from 1975 to 1979.
January 3, 2001.
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